The Second Map
The second map of Middle-earth west of the Blue Mountains in the Elder Days was also the last. My father never made another, and over many years this one became covered all over with alterations and additions of names and features, not a few of them so hastily or faintly pencilled as to be more or less obscure. This was the basis for my map in the published 'Silmarillion'.
The original element in the map can however be readily perceived from the fine and careful pen (all subsequent change was roughly done); and I give here on four successive pages a reproduction of the map as it was originally drawn and lettered. I have taken pains to make this as close a copy of the original as I could, though I do not guarantee the exact correspondence of every tree.
It is clear that this second map, developed from that given in Vol. ÃÓ, belonged in its original form with the earlier work of the : 1930s: it was in fact closely associated with the List of Names— which in two cases (Eglor and Eredlumin, although Eredlumin is... not marked on the map) gives 'Map' as the source-reference—as is shown by certain name-forms common to both, e.g. Dor-deloth,. Dor-lumin, Eithil Sirion, and by the occurrence in both of Cape Balar (see the entry Beleriand in the List of Names). Moreover the date in 'Realm of Nargothrond Beyond the river (until 195)' oh the map associates it with the original Annals of Beleriand, where the fall of the redoubt took place in that year (TV. 305), as does the river-name Rathlorion (later Rathloriel).
The map is on four sheets, originally pasted together but now separate, in which die map-squares do not entirely coincide with the sheets. In my reproductions I have followed the squares rather than the original sheets. I have numbered the squares horizontally right across the map from 1 to 15, and lettered them vertically from A to M, so that each square has a different combination of letter and figure for subsequent reference. I hope later to give an account of all changes made to the map afterwards, using these redrawings as a basis. The scale is 50 miles to 3.2 cm. (the length of the sides of the squares); see p. 298.
There are various developments in the physical features of the lands from the first Map (such as the large island lying off die coast west of Drengist; the Mountains of Mithrim; the eastern tributary arm of Gelion; the isle of Balar), but I shall not here make a detailed comparison between the two. It will be seen that at this stage my father entered remarkably few names on the new map— far fewer than were in existence, in marked contrast to the old one, which names Ivrin, Thangorodrim, Angband, Mount Dolm, the Hill of Spies, the great mountain-chains, etc. On the second map such features as Lake Ivrin and Mount Dolm are nonetheless shown, and of course some names added in roughly later may well go back to the early period; but as this is impossible to tell I have omitted everything in the redrawing mat is not original. I cannot explain the mountain blacked-in to the west of Ivrin (square D5), nor the large mound, if that is what it is, between Sirion and Mindeb (E8), nor again the curious circular bay on the coast below Drengist (C3). On the very strange representation of Thangorodrim, isolated in a circle of smaller peaks, see p. 297.
Especially interesting is the appearance of Tavrobel in the Forest of Brethil. In the literary texts of mis period Tavrobel is named only in the preamble to AV 1 (cited on p. 221), as Pen-golod's home in Tol Eressea 'after his return unto the West', where iQfwine (Eriol) saw and translated the Annals; from mis preamble was developed that to QS (p. 222), where however the name is written Tathrobel. On the other hand, in the Etymologies (stem pel(es)) Tavrobel is mentioned as the 'village of Turin in the forest of Brethil, and name of village in Tol Eressea'; the first element is Noldorin tafr, tavor, 'woodpecker' (òàì), and the
second means '(fenced) village' (Qenya opele, Noldorin gobel).
The following evidences thus appear:
(1) In the earliest legends Tavrobel (originally translated 'wood-home', 1.267) had likewise a double meaning: it was Great Haywood in Staffordshire in England, and it bore, according to complex and changing conceptions by this time long since lost, a particular relation to Gilfanon's home of the same name in Tol Eressea (see Ï. 292-3,310).
(2) Haywood was in Old English heeg-wudu 'enclosed wood'
(Ï.328).
(3) Later (in the post-Lord of the Rings period) the dwellings of the Men of Brethil to whom Turin came were called Ephel Brandir 'the encircling fence of Brandir' (ephel derived from et-pel 'outer fence'), and this village was on an eminence in the forest called Anton Obel.
(4) Ú the Etymologies, Tavrobel is still the name of two places, the village of the Woodmen in Brethil, and a village in Tol Eressea, where (in the preambles to AV 1 and QS) Pengolod (successor, as I have argued in IV. 274, to Gilfanon) dwelt
But there is no indication at all why Tavrobel should still be used twice in this way. It may be thought that my father did not wish finally to abandon this old and deep association of his youth; and it is tempting therefore to see his bestowal at this time of the name Tavrobel in this way and in this place as an echo of Great Haywood, and perhaps not entirely fanciful to wonder whether he was influenced by the confluence of the two rivers, Taiglin and Sirion, not wholly unlike, in their relative courses here, that of the Sow arid the Trent at Great Haywood (1.196).*
